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Friedrich Heinrich Feuerbach (29 September 1806 – 24 January 1880) was a German philologist and philosopher. In the 1840s he played an important role disseminating materialist and atheist philosophy. ==Life== Friedrich Feuerbach was born on September 29, 1806, in Munich. He was the youngest son of the distinguished jurist Paul Johann Anselm Ritter von Feuerbach (1775–1833) and uncle of painter Anselm Feuerbach (1829–1880). His older brothers were all distinguished scholars.〔 *Joseph Anselm Feuerbach (1798–1851), father of the painter, was a philologist and archeologist; *Karl Wilhelm Feuerbach (1800–1834) was a noted mathematician; *Eduard August Feuerbach (1803–1843) was a scholar of jurisprudence; *Ludwig Andreas Feuerbach (1804–1872) was a philosopher and anthropologist who influenced Karl Marx. Friedrich also had three sisters: Rebekka Magdalena "Helene" Feuerbach von Dobeneck (1808–1891), Leonore Feuerbach (1809–1885), Elise Feuerbach (1813–1883). Cf. ''Meyers Konversations-Lexikon.'' 4th edition, vol. 6, Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig, 1885–1892. 〕 In 1826 he began his studies at the university of Erlangen. At first he studied theology, then history and finally philology and philosophy, specializing in Sanskrit literature. His supervisor was Friedrich Rückert. At Erlangen he was a member of a liberal nationalist student fraternity. In 1831, shortly after graduating, he went to Paris to work with the noted philologists and linguists Chézy, Bournouf and Remusat. France had recently experienced the July Revolution, and Friedrich met with some of the French utopian socialists of the time (e.g., Pierre Leroux). He also seems to have travelled to Switzerland, where he met the radical followers of Wilhelm Weitling; some of them subsequently studied his writings on religion.〔Wilhelm Marr seems to have been the conduit; in the 1840s he helped publish Friedrich Feuerbach's writings on religion in Switzerland. Marr was the author of ''Das junge Deutschland in der Schweiz. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der geheimen Verbindungen unserer Tage''. Leipzig, 1846. (''Young Germany in Switzerland: A Contribution to the History of the Secret Societies of Our Days.'') To Ludwig Feuerbach's chagrin, conservative newspapers connected the Feuerbach brothers with the 'unmeasured revolutionism' of these circles. Cf: Schuffenhauer, W., Introduction to: 'Ludwig Feuerbach stellt des Bruders Schrift ''Gedanken und Thatsachen'', 1862, vor.' Berlin, 1990.〕 There is no evidence, however, that Friedrich Feuerbach himself ever participated in any revolutionary association (nor would this have been in character with his diffident nature). On his return to Germany Feuerbach did not seek a profession but instead took rented rooms in Nuremberg and lived on a small state pension. He lived that way for most of his life. Friedrich Feuerbach published several translations from Sanskrit, Spanish, Italin and French. In the 1830s he was associated with the Young German movement in literature; in the early 1840s he contributed to a number of Young Hegelian magazines. Friedrich Freuerbach is described as extremely shy and withdrawn. His brother Ludwig described him as utterly undemanding. The suicide attempt of his older brother Karl, the mathematician, who had been arrested for belonging to a liberal student fraternity in 1824, seems to have greatly affected Friedrich. He was with Karl during his battle with mental illness and when he died prematurely in 1834. The physician Dr. Theodor Spoerri, a family friend, thought he suffered from "heaviness of the blood" (depression). He also thought that the "genius" of the talented Feuerbach family was most concentrated in Friedrich, the least-known brother.〔Spoerri, Th., ''Genie und Krankheit.'' Basel/New York, 1851, pp. 73 ff.〕 The philosopher Georg Friedrich Daumer was one of his few occasional visitors. The liberal theologian Johann Heinrich Wichern also acknowledged his influence. Friedrich Feuerbach was a qualified Orientalist with several publications. However, under the influence of his brother Ludwig, he turned to philosophy. He expounded a critique of religion that was heavily indebted to his brother's. He professed "to preach what he taught."〔''Meyers... op. cit.'', p. 203.〕 Friedrich often actively assisted Ludwig in editing his manuscripts. In spite of his atheism, Friedrich seems to have sympathized with a local liberal Protestant 'free faith' group. He died in Nuremberg on January 24, 1880. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Friedrich Feuerbach」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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